{"id":13492,"date":"2026-03-22T12:32:01","date_gmt":"2026-03-22T04:32:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/merlionpaediatric.sg\/cn\/?page_id=13492"},"modified":"2026-03-23T00:16:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-22T16:16:27","slug":"screening-assessment","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/merlionpaediatric.sg\/cn\/screening-assessment\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b5b\u67e5\u53ca\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bc4"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\u7b5b \u67e5 \u53ca \u8bca \u65ad \u6d4b \u8bc4<\/b><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u5e74\u8f7b\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e0e\u7236\u6bcd\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u6210\u957f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u3002\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee4\u4eba\u500d\u611f\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u90fd\u5df2\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\uff0c\u5374\u4ecd\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u65e0\u52a9\u4e0e\u6cae\u4e27\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u4e4b\u5e38\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5faa\u8bc1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u9762\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u8d4b\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u60a8\u65e0\u9700\u72ec\u81ea\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e00\u5957\u7cbe\u5fc3\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u56de\u5e94\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u91cd\u62fe\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u5bb6\u5ead\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u7ee7\u7eed\u524d\u884c\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u5b66 \u4e60 \u969c \u788d<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u7b5b\u67e5\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u521d\u6b65\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u5728\u5b66\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u3001\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u611f\u89c9\u5904\u7406\u969c\u788d\u7b49\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7b5b\u67e5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u56f0\u96be\u5177\u6709\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u52a8\u91c7\u53d6\u5e94\u5bf9\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>

\u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5e72\u9884\u6210\u6548\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u5e72\u9884\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u8d1f\u9762\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5176\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6210\u957f\u4e0e\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u9020\u6210\u963b\u788d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u5e94\u4e2a\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u514b\u670d\u6311\u6218\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u4e0e\u97e7\u6027\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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PDAEP \u662f\u4e00\u9879\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bc4\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u611f\u89c9\u3001\u9002\u5e94\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u7cbe\u51c6\u8bc6\u522b\u5b69\u5b50\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u62a5\u544a\u662f\u7efc\u5408 PDAEP \u7684\u8bca\u6d4b\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u591a\u9879\u5173\u952e\u8bc4\u4f30\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u6280\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7 (HAS) \u6a21\u578b\u3001\u5361\u7279\u5c14-\u970d\u6069-\u5361\u7f57\u5c14\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b (CHC) \u6a21\u578b\u3001\u8de8\u75c7\u72b6\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c (CHT)\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0d\u610f\u5fd7\uff0d\u60c5\u611f\uff0d\u611f\u89c9 (CCAS) \u6a21\u578b\u3001\u5e03\u6717\u82ac\u5e03\u4f26\u7eb3\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u53ca Tripe-D \u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5168\u9762\u7684 PDAEP \u8bca\u6d4b\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u5b69\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5b66\u4e60\u56f0\u96be\u4e0e\u969c\u788d\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5bb6\u957f\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u5c31\u6240\u9700\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5e72\u9884\u505a\u51fa\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u5b66\u9662\u6216\u5927\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u989d\u5916\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u7279\u6b8a\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65c5\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u5145\u5b9e\u4e14\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u6210 \u763e \u884c \u4e3a<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u6210\u763e\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u5f97\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u8feb\u6027\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u5e38\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d1f\u9762\u540e\u679c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u53cd\u590d\u4ece\u4e8b\u67d0\u4e9b\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6109\u60a6\u6216\u7f13\u89e3\u611f\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u660e\u77e5\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u6210\u763e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63ed\u793a\u89e6\u53d1\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u6e34\u6c42\u611f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6210\u763e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6301\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd0\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u8bc4\u95ee\u5377\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u7b49\u3002<\/p>

\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u763e\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5236\u5b9a\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u5171\u75c5\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc3\u6210\u6210\u763e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5728\u6307\u5bfc\u9002\u5f53\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u8fd8\u662f\u652f\u6301\u5c0f\u7ec4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u763e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u5177\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u6e90\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u5eb7\u590d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u5c55\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u957f\u671f\u5eb7\u590d\u4e0e\u8eab\u5fc3\u798f\u7949\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u60c5 \u7eea \u969c \u788d<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u60c5\u611f\u969c\u788d\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f71\u54cd\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u5fc3\u5883\u53ca\u6574\u4f53\u60c5\u611f\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u3001\u53cc\u76f8\u60c5\u611f\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u591a\u79cd\u7126\u8651\u969c\u788d\u7b49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u5982\u8d1d\u514b\u6291\u90c1\u91cf\u8868 (BDI)\u3001\u6c49\u5bc6\u5c14\u987f\u6291\u90c1\u8bc4\u5b9a\u91cf\u8868 (HAM-D)\u3001\u7528\u4e8e\u53cc\u76f8\u60c5\u611f\u969c\u788d\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u969c\u788d\u95ee\u5377 (MDQ)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u7126\u8651\u969c\u788d\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6027\u7126\u8651\u969c\u788d\u91cf\u8868 (GAD-7)\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u5982DSM-5\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08 (SCID)\uff0c\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u75c7\u72b6\u3001\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ca\u529f\u80fd\u635f\u5bb3\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>

\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u8bca\u65ad\u60c5\u7eea\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u75be\u75c5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u6ce8 \u610f \u529b \u7f3a \u9677 \u591a \u52a8 \u969c \u788d (ADHD)<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7f3a\u9677\u591a\u52a8\u969c\u788d (ADHD) \u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u65f6\u957f\u3001\u51b2\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u53ca\u591a\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5168\u9762\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u8fd0\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u7684 ADHD \u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u300a\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u624b\u518c\uff08\u7b2c\u4e94\u7248\uff09\u300b\uff08DSM-5\uff09\u6807\u51c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bca\u65ad\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u4e86 ADHD \u7684\u5177\u4f53\u75c7\u72b6\u53ca\u5176\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>

\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec ADHD \u8bc4\u5b9a\u91cf\u8868\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u6210\u4eba\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u62a5\u544a\u6216\u7167\u62a4\u8005\u4e0e\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30 ADHD \u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u8868\u73b0\u6d4b\u8bd5 (CPT)\uff0c\u5982\u5eb7\u7eb3\u65af\u6301\u7eed\u8868\u73b0\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6d4b\u91cf\u6301\u7eed\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e0e\u51b2\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\u53ca\u795e\u7ecf\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>

\u9274\u4e8e ADHD \u7684\u591a\u9762\u6027\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5373\u6574\u5408\u591a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd0\u7528\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u5168\u9762\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u4e34\u5e8a\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u81ea \u95ed \u75c7 \u8c31 \u7cfb \u969c \u788d
(ASD)<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u8c31\u7cfb\u969c\u788d (ASD) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ec8\u8eab\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u4e3a\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52a8\u3001\u6c9f\u901a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8c31\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u529f\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u4e34\u91cd\u5927\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u8f83\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0cASD \u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u201c\u6cbb\u6108\u201d\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u5eb7\u590d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u65e9\u671f\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0cASD \u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u6c9f\u901a\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u5747\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002<\/p>

\u8bc4\u4f30ASD\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec GARS-3 \u548c ADOS\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\u793e\u4ea4\u4e0e\u6c9f\u901a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\u5de5\u5177\u3002ADI-R \u5219\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u4e0e\u7167\u62a4\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5168\u9762\u6536\u96c6\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d1\u80b2\u5386\u53f2\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>

\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528 GARS-3\u3001ADOS\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u4e00\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bca\u65ad\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7834 \u574f \u6027 \u884c \u4e3a \u969c \u788d
(DBD)<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d (DBD) \u5305\u62ec\u54c1\u884c\u969c\u788d\u3001\u5bf9\u7acb\u8fdd\u6297\u6027\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u95f4\u6b47\u6027\u66b4\u53d1\u6027\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5176\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bc6\u522b\u75c7\u72b6\u5e76\u8bc4\u4f30\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec DBDS\u3001CBCL \u53ca \u53cd\u793e\u4f1a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868 (APSD)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u6536\u96c6\u6765\u81ea\u7236\u6bcd\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u53ca\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>

\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u5faa\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u6539\u5584\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u8ba1 \u7b97 \u969c \u788d<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u8ba1\u7b97\u969c\u788d (MLD) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u3002\u60a3\u6709 MLD \u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u6570\u611f\u53ca\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5404\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>

MLD \u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd0\u7528\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u6570\u5b66\u80fd\u529b\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u8be5\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u8ba1\u7b97\u969c\u788d\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868\u3001TEMA-3 \u53ca\u4f0d\u5fb7\u79d1\u514b\uff0d\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\u6210\u5c31\u6d4b\u9a8c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6db5\u76d6\u6570\u5b66\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u611f\u3001\u7b97\u672f\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u53ca\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u9762\u514b\u670d\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u5b66\u4e1a\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u8bfb \u5199 \u969c \u788d<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u8bfb\u5199\u969c\u788d\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u89e3\u7801\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u4e66\u9762\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u3001\u8d85\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u8bed\u97f3\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u5e38\u6db5\u76d6\u9605\u8bfb\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3001\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u5904\u7406\u6280\u80fd\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u5c55\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>

\u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d (Dyslexia) \u662f\u56e0\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u800c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u62fc\u5199\u53ca\u89e3\u7801\u8bcd\u6c47\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u5199\u969c\u788d\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868\u53ca\u8bed\u97f3\u610f\u8bc6\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bed\u97f3\u610f\u8bc6\u53ca\u9605\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>

\u8d85\u8bfb\u969c\u788d (Hyperlexia) \u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u5e7c\u5e74\u65f6\u671f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e94\u5c81\u4e4b\u524d\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8d85\u5e38\u9605\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u6216\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u8d85\u8bfb\u75c7\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u8d85\u8bfb\u75c7\u7b5b\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u8d85\u51fa\u4e2a\u4f53\u5e74\u9f84\u9884\u671f\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8bc4\u4f30\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>

\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e0e\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4f4d\u4e2a\u4f53\u5efa\u7acb\u5168\u9762\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7279\u5f81\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u652f\u6301\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u9605\u8bfb\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u3002<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u795e \u7ecf \u53d1 \u80b2 \u969c \u788d
(NDD)<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u513f\u7ae5\uff09\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u590d\u6742\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdf\u7f13\u3001\u969c\u788d\u6216\u975e\u5178\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4fc3\u6210\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u5236\u5b9a\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u6210\u957f\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>

\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u5e72\u9884\u53ca\u5bb6\u5ead\u652f\u6301\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u8bc6\u522b\u53d1\u5c55\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4f7f\u7167\u62a4\u8005\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ca\u533b\u7597\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u534f\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u51c6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5e2e\u52a9\u6bcf\u4f4d\u4e2a\u4f53\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5168\u9762\u6d1e\u89c1\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5177\u4fe1\u606f\u652f\u6491\u3001\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u4e14\u66f4\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u652f\u6301\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u5f3a \u8feb \u6027 \u969c \u788d<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5206\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\uff1a\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u6307\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u6216\u51b2\u52a8\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u663e\u8457\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u6216\u7126\u8651\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u5219\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e3a\u56de\u5e94\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u65e8\u5728\u51cf\u8f7b\u75db\u82e6\u6216\u9632\u6b62\u67d0\u79cd\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u60c5\u5883\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u4ec5\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u7f13\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u4e25\u91cd\u5e72\u6270\u65e5\u5e38\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ece\u8f7b\u5fae\u5230\u91cd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u6574\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6cbb\u7597\u901a\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u3001\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7ba1\u7406\u75c7\u72b6\u5e76\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>

\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5168\u9762\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bca\u65ad\u8be5\u72b6\u51b5\u3001\u786e\u5b9a\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u4efb\u4f55\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u635f\u5bb3\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u5982 Y-BOCS\uff0c\u8be5\u91cf\u8868\u7528\u4e8e\u91cf\u5316\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u8bc4\u91cf\u8868\uff0c\u5982 OCI-R\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u9891\u7387\u53ca\u5176\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u5faa\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u8bca\u65ad\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8be5\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u521b \u4f24 \u540e \u5e94 \u6fc0 \u969c \u788d
(PTSD)<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u521b\u4f24\u540e\u5e94\u6fc0\u969c\u788d (PTSD) \u8bc4\u4f30\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5386\u521b\u4f24\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e76\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u76f8\u5173\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c7\u72b6\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u4f24\u518d\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001\u56de\u907f\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u8d1f\u6027\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8b66\u89c9\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ca\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec CAPS\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u75c7\u72b6\u5b66\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\uff1bDSM-5: PCL-5\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca IES-R\u3002<\/p>

\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u8bca\u65ad PTSD\uff0c\u76d1\u6d4b\u6cbb\u7597\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u9488\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5eb7\u590d\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u611f \u5b98 \u4fe1 \u606f \u5904 \u7406 \u969c \u788d<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u969c\u788d\uff08SPD\uff09\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f71\u54cd\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\u611f\u89c9\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u60a3\u6709\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u611f\u5b98\u6fc0\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8fc7\u5ea6\u654f\u611f\u6216\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u8c03\u8282\u65e5\u5e38\u611f\u89c9\u4f53\u9a8c\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u4e34\u6311\u6218\u3002\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u969c\u788d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u4ece\u611f\u5b98\u654f\u611f\u6027\u5230\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u5bfb\u6c42\u6216\u56de\u907f\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u969c\u788d\u5206\u4e3a\u516b\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5341\u516d\u79cd\u4e9a\u578b\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u611f\u89c9\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u611f\u5b98\u8fd0\u52a8\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u3001\u611f\u5b98\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u5e94\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u73af\u5883\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u81ea\u6211\u5021\u5bfc\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>

\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u969c\u788d\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u611f\u5b98\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5168\u9762\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5236\u5b9a\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6709\u6548\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u7edf\u5408\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u5347\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u8a00 \u8bed \u53ca \u8bed \u8a00 \u969c \u788d<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u8a00\u8bed\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u969c\u788d\uff08SLD\uff09\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f71\u54cd\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8a00\u8bed\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u6c9f\u901a\u53ca\u8bed\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u969c\u788d\u53ef\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e74\u9f84\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ece\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u671f\u5230\u6210\u5e74\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u9057\u4f20\u6613\u611f\u6027\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u53d1\u80b2\u8fdf\u7f13\u3001\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u521b\u4f24\u7b49\u3002<\/p>

\u8a00\u8bed\u58f0\u97f3\u969c\u788d\uff08SSD\uff09\u6d89\u53ca\u6b63\u786e\u6216\u6d41\u7545\u53d1\u51fa\u8bed\u97f3\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6784\u97f3\u969c\u788d\uff08\u96be\u4ee5\u53d1\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u97f3\u7d20\uff09\u3001\u97f3\u97f5\u969c\u788d\uff08\u96be\u4ee5\u5c06\u8bed\u97f3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u97f3\u7cfb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d41\u7545\u6027\u969c\u788d\uff08\u5982\u53e3\u5403\u6216\u8bed\u901f\u8fc7\u5feb\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u969c\u788d\u5219\u6d89\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7528\u53e3\u8bed\u6216\u4e66\u9762\u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u517c\u6709\u3002<\/p>

\u8bc4\u4f30 SLD \u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec CELF\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u513f\u7ae5\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63a5\u6536\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u610f\u8bc6\u53ca\u8bed\u7528\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u8bed\u8a00\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fd0\u7528CELF\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u513f\u7ae5\u6c9f\u901a\u7279\u5f81\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u9700\u6c42\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e3a\u5236\u5b9a\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5f3a\u3001\u6210\u6548\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u793e \u4ea4 \u6c9f \u901a \u969c \u788d
(SCD)<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u793e\u4ea4\u6c9f\u901a\u969c\u788d\uff08SCD\uff09\u662f\u6307\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u8fd0\u7528\u8a00\u8bed\u4e0e\u975e\u8a00\u8bed\u6c9f\u901a\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u60a3\u6709\u793e\u4ea4\u6c9f\u901a\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u672c\u8eab\u5b8c\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u8fd0\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u7ef4\u6301\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u4e34\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56f0\u96be\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6280\u5de7\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u793e\u4ea4\u7ebf\u7d22\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6b20\u7f3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u793e\u4ea4\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u8c03\u6574\u6c9f\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53d7\u9650\u3002<\/p>

\u8bc4\u4f30 SCD \u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982 SCQ \u548c SRS\u3002<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u53ca\u65f6\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u793e\u4ea4\u6c9f\u901a\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5236\u5b9a\u9488\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u5e72\u9884\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u793e\u4ea4\u6c9f\u901a\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6539\u5584\u6574\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u4e2a \u6848 \u8bc4 \u4f30 \u53ca \u7279 \u5f81 \u5206\u6790<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ca\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u6db5\u76d6\u5bf9\u60a3\u8005\u6cbb\u7597\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u8fd0\u7528\u5b9a\u91cf\u4e0e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u89e3\u8bfb\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u5ba2\u6237\u4e2a\u6848\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u80fd\u529b\u6c34\u5e73\u5bf9\u5176\u8fbe\u6210\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f5c\u51fa\u5145\u5206\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u4ee5\u6846\u67b6\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e2a\u6848\u8bc4\u4f30\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u60a3\u8005\u76ee\u6807\u8fbe\u6210\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08ATT\uff09\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08ABI\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u60a3\u8005\u76ee\u6807\u8fbe\u6210\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>

\u8fd9\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0e\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6863\u6848\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c<\/span>\u5e2e\u52a9\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u6784\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\u3001\u5929\u8d4b\u4e0e\u5fd7\u5411\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9a71\u52a8\u5176\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u4e0e\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u5b9a\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5b69\u5b50\u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u6548\u3001\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7b5b \u67e5 \u53ca \u8bca \u65ad \u6d4b \u8bc4 \u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u5e74\u8f7b\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e0e\u7236\u6bcd\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u6210\u957f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u3002\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee4\u4eba\u500d\u611f\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u90fd\u5df2\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\uff0c\u5374\u4ecd\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u65e0\u52a9\u4e0e\u6cae\u4e27\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u4e4b\u5e38\u60c5\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5faa\u8bc1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u9762\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u8d4b\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u60a8\u65e0\u9700\u72ec\u81ea\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e00\u5957\u7cbe\u5fc3\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u56de\u5e94\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u91cd\u62fe\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u5bb6\u5ead\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u7ee7\u7eed\u524d\u884c\u3002 Book Appointment \u5b66 \u4e60 \u969c \u788d \u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u662f\u6307\u5728\u667a\u529b\u6b63\u5e38\u4e14\u62e5\u6709\u5145\u5206\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u4f1a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b66\u672f\u6280\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6267\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u62fc\u5199\u3001\u4e66\u5199\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u53ca\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7406\u89e3\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u4e34\u6311\u6218\u3002 \u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u7b5b\u67e5\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u521d\u6b65\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u5728\u5b66\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u3001\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u611f\u89c9\u5904\u7406\u969c\u788d\u7b49\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7b5b\u67e5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u56f0\u96be\u5177\u6709\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u52a8\u91c7\u53d6\u5e94\u5bf9\u63aa\u65bd\u3002 \u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5e72\u9884\u6210\u6548\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u5e72\u9884\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u8d1f\u9762\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5176\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6210\u957f\u4e0e\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u9020\u6210\u963b\u788d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u5e94\u4e2a\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u514b\u670d\u6311\u6218\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u4e0e\u97e7\u6027\u3002 \u5fc3 \u7406 \u6559 \u80b2 \u6027 \u8bca \u65ad \u6d4b \u8bc4\u3001\u8bc4 \u4f30 \u53ca \u7279 \u5f81 \u5206 \u6790(PDAEP) PDAEP \u662f\u4e00\u9879\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bc4\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u611f\u89c9\u3001\u9002\u5e94\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u7cbe\u51c6\u8bc6\u522b\u5b69\u5b50\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u9886\u57df\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u62a5\u544a\u662f\u7efc\u5408 PDAEP \u7684\u8bca\u6d4b\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u591a\u9879\u5173\u952e\u8bc4\u4f30\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u6280\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7 (HAS) \u6a21\u578b\u3001\u5361\u7279\u5c14-\u970d\u6069-\u5361\u7f57\u5c14\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b (CHC) \u6a21\u578b\u3001\u8de8\u75c7\u72b6\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c (CHT)\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0d\u610f\u5fd7\uff0d\u60c5\u611f\uff0d\u611f\u89c9 (CCAS) \u6a21\u578b\u3001\u5e03\u6717\u82ac\u5e03\u4f26\u7eb3\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u53ca Tripe-D \u6a21\u578b\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5168\u9762\u7684 PDAEP \u8bca\u6d4b\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u5b69\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5b66\u4e60\u56f0\u96be\u4e0e\u969c\u788d\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5bb6\u957f\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u5c31\u6240\u9700\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5e72\u9884\u505a\u51fa\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u5b66\u9662\u6216\u5927\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u989d\u5916\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u7279\u6b8a\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65c5\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u5145\u5b9e\u4e14\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u3002 \u6210 \u763e \u884c \u4e3a \u6210\u763e\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u5f97\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u8feb\u6027\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u5e38\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d1f\u9762\u540e\u679c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u53cd\u590d\u4ece\u4e8b\u67d0\u4e9b\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6109\u60a6\u6216\u7f13\u89e3\u611f\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u660e\u77e5\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u6210\u763e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63ed\u793a\u89e6\u53d1\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u6e34\u6c42\u611f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6210\u763e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6301\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd0\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u8bc4\u95ee\u5377\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u7b49\u3002 \u7406\u89e3\u6210\u763e\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5236\u5b9a\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u5171\u75c5\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc3\u6210\u6210\u763e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5728\u6307\u5bfc\u9002\u5f53\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u8fd8\u662f\u652f\u6301\u5c0f\u7ec4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u763e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u5177\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u6e90\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u5eb7\u590d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u5c55\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u957f\u671f\u5eb7\u590d\u4e0e\u8eab\u5fc3\u798f\u7949\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u3002 \u60c5 \u7eea \u969c \u788d \u60c5\u611f\u969c\u788d\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f71\u54cd\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u5fc3\u5883\u53ca\u6574\u4f53\u60c5\u611f\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u3001\u53cc\u76f8\u60c5\u611f\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u591a\u79cd\u7126\u8651\u969c\u788d\u7b49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u5982\u8d1d\u514b\u6291\u90c1\u91cf\u8868 (BDI)\u3001\u6c49\u5bc6\u5c14\u987f\u6291\u90c1\u8bc4\u5b9a\u91cf\u8868 (HAM-D)\u3001\u7528\u4e8e\u53cc\u76f8\u60c5\u611f\u969c\u788d\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u969c\u788d\u95ee\u5377 (MDQ)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u7126\u8651\u969c\u788d\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6027\u7126\u8651\u969c\u788d\u91cf\u8868 (GAD-7)\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u5982DSM-5\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08 (SCID)\uff0c\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u75c7\u72b6\u3001\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ca\u529f\u80fd\u635f\u5bb3\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4ef7\u503c\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u8bca\u65ad\u60c5\u7eea\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u75be\u75c5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 \u6ce8 \u610f \u529b \u7f3a \u9677 \u591a \u52a8 \u969c \u788d (ADHD) \u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7f3a\u9677\u591a\u52a8\u969c\u788d (ADHD) \u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u65f6\u957f\u3001\u51b2\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u53ca\u591a\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5168\u9762\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u8fd0\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u7684 ADHD \u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u300a\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u624b\u518c\uff08\u7b2c\u4e94\u7248\uff09\u300b\uff08DSM-5\uff09\u6807\u51c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bca\u65ad\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u4e86 ADHD \u7684\u5177\u4f53\u75c7\u72b6\u53ca\u5176\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 \u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec ADHD \u8bc4\u5b9a\u91cf\u8868\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u6210\u4eba\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u62a5\u544a\u6216\u7167\u62a4\u8005\u4e0e\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30 ADHD \u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u8868\u73b0\u6d4b\u8bd5 (CPT)\uff0c\u5982\u5eb7\u7eb3\u65af\u6301\u7eed\u8868\u73b0\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6d4b\u91cf\u6301\u7eed\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e0e\u51b2\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bbf\u8c08\u53ca\u795e\u7ecf\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u9274\u4e8e ADHD \u7684\u591a\u9762\u6027\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5373\u6574\u5408\u591a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd0\u7528\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u5168\u9762\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u4e34\u5e8a\u610f\u4e49\u3002 \u81ea \u95ed \u75c7 \u8c31 \u7cfb \u969c \u788d(ASD) \u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u8c31\u7cfb\u969c\u788d (ASD) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ec8\u8eab\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u4e3a\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52a8\u3001\u6c9f\u901a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8c31\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u529f\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u4e34\u91cd\u5927\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u8f83\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0cASD \u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u201c\u6cbb\u6108\u201d\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u5eb7\u590d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u65e9\u671f\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0cASD \u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u6c9f\u901a\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u5747\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002 \u8bc4\u4f30ASD\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec GARS-3 \u548c ADOS\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\u793e\u4ea4\u4e0e\u6c9f\u901a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\u5de5\u5177\u3002ADI-R \u5219\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u4e0e\u7167\u62a4\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5168\u9762\u6536\u96c6\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d1\u80b2\u5386\u53f2\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528 GARS-3\u3001ADOS\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u4e00\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bca\u65ad\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5224\u65ad\u3002 \u7834 \u574f \u6027 \u884c \u4e3a \u969c \u788d(DBD) \u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d (DBD) \u5305\u62ec\u54c1\u884c\u969c\u788d\u3001\u5bf9\u7acb\u8fdd\u6297\u6027\u969c\u788d\u53ca\u95f4\u6b47\u6027\u66b4\u53d1\u6027\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5176\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bc6\u522b\u75c7\u72b6\u5e76\u8bc4\u4f30\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec DBDS\u3001CBCL \u53ca \u53cd\u793e\u4f1a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868 (APSD)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u6536\u96c6\u6765\u81ea\u7236\u6bcd\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u53ca\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u5faa\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u6539\u5584\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u8ba1 \u7b97 \u969c \u788d \u8ba1\u7b97\u969c\u788d (MLD) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u3002\u60a3\u6709 MLD \u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u6570\u611f\u53ca\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5404\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u3002 MLD \u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd0\u7528\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u6570\u5b66\u80fd\u529b\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u8be5\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u8ba1\u7b97\u969c\u788d\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868\u3001TEMA-3 \u53ca\u4f0d\u5fb7\u79d1\u514b\uff0d\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\u6210\u5c31\u6d4b\u9a8c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6db5\u76d6\u6570\u5b66\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u611f\u3001\u7b97\u672f\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u53ca\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u9762\u514b\u670d\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u5b66\u4e1a\u6210\u529f\u3002 \u8bfb \u5199 \u969c \u788d \u8bfb\u5199\u969c\u788d\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u89e3\u7801\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u4e66\u9762\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u3001\u8d85\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u8bed\u97f3\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u5e38\u6db5\u76d6\u9605\u8bfb\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3001\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u5904\u7406\u6280\u80fd\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u5c55\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7279\u5f81\u3002 \u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d (Dyslexia) \u662f\u56e0\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u800c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u62fc\u5199\u53ca\u89e3\u7801\u8bcd\u6c47\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u5199\u969c\u788d\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868\u53ca\u8bed\u97f3\u610f\u8bc6\u7b5b\u67e5\u91cf\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bed\u97f3\u610f\u8bc6\u53ca\u9605\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u9886\u57df\u3002 \u8d85\u8bfb\u969c\u788d (Hyperlexia) \u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u5e7c\u5e74\u65f6\u671f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e94\u5c81\u4e4b\u524d\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8d85\u5e38\u9605\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u6216\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u8d85\u8bfb\u75c7\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u8d85\u8bfb\u75c7\u7b5b\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u8d85\u51fa\u4e2a\u4f53\u5e74\u9f84\u9884\u671f\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8bc4\u4f30\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u9605\u8bfb\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e0e\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4f4d\u4e2a\u4f53\u5efa\u7acb\u5168\u9762\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7279\u5f81\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u652f\u6301\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u9605\u8bfb\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u3002 \u795e \u7ecf \u53d1 \u80b2 \u969c \u788d (NDD) \u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u513f\u7ae5\uff09\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u590d\u6742\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdf\u7f13\u3001\u969c\u788d\u6216\u975e\u5178\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4fc3\u6210\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u5236\u5b9a\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u6210\u957f\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002 \u795e\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u5e72\u9884\u53ca\u5bb6\u5ead\u652f\u6301\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u8bc6\u522b\u53d1\u5c55\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4f7f\u7167\u62a4\u8005\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ca\u533b\u7597\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u534f\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u51c6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5e2e\u52a9\u6bcf\u4f4d\u4e2a\u4f53\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5168\u9762\u6d1e\u89c1\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5177\u4fe1\u606f\u652f\u6491\u3001\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u4e14\u66f4\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u652f\u6301\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 \u5f3a \u8feb \u6027 \u969c \u788d \u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5206\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\uff1a\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u6307\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u6216\u51b2\u52a8\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u663e\u8457\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u6216\u7126\u8651\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u5219\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e3a\u56de\u5e94\u5f3a\u8feb\u601d\u7ef4\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u65e8\u5728\u51cf\u8f7b\u75db\u82e6\u6216\u9632\u6b62\u67d0\u79cd\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u60c5\u5883\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u884c\u4e3a\u4ec5\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u7f13\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u4e25\u91cd\u5e72\u6270\u65e5\u5e38\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ece\u8f7b\u5fae\u5230\u91cd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u6574\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6cbb\u7597\u901a\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u3001\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7ba1\u7406\u75c7\u72b6\u5e76\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 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